Speculation based on affirmative certainty must have been. Fill in each gap using must have, cant have, could have, may have or might have. Modals of speculationdeduction in past must have, might. Three exercises to practice modal verbs to speculate about the past. Create marketing content that resonates with prezi video. A collection of downloadable worksheets, exercises and activities to teach modals of deduction, shared by english language teachers. Tenquestion multiplechoice quiz on modals of deduction in the present and past. This is a game that helps students practice and produce past modals in a fun context and encourages them to be creative. Modals of deduction and speculation by april60 grammar guide for advanced students to learn how to use modal verbs of deduction and speculation in the present and in the past.
In the followup to a previous video, we talk about about using modals of speculation deduction to talk about past situations. Dominoes game revising modals for degrees of certainty in the past, present and future. Modals of speculation about the past linkedin slideshare. Modals past possibilities, certainties and deductions. In the above sentence must is a modal auxiliary verb which shows we are pretty sure about what happened. Multiplechoice quiz on modals of deduction in the present and past. In the second exercise, students practise forming the speculations. Modals of deduction in pictures by izzy mccarthy on. Give students time to compare answers, and then check them with the class. Photokanok, should have, could have, and would have are sometimes called modals of lost opportunity because they describe situations when we are imagining that the past was different. Complete the sentences using must, cant, may, might, could. English esl speculation worksheets most downloaded 9.
Choose one of the following to complete the sentences. My neighbour could have stolen the flowers the wind might have blown them all away. We use cant to make negative deductions from evidence. Welcome to esl printables, the website where english language teachers exchange resources.
Unfolding mysteries a game to practise modals of deduction. In the first exercise, students match the sentences with the same meaning. Past modal verbs of deduction exercise she must have gone out there is strong evidence. I have been using them with upperintermediate, advanced, fce, and cae students who often struggle with the concept of using modal verbs for something other than expressing ability or obligation. English grammar modals of deduction esl activities. Click here for all the exercises about modal verbs we can use these modal verbs also called modals of deduction, speculation or certainty when we want to make a guess about something. I might have made a mistake there is a possibility that i made a mistake. Modal verbs of probability, also referred to as modals of deduction, speculation, or certainty, are used to express the likelihood that something may or may not be true. Type use modal verbs example 1 to express possibilities for the future could, may, might it may rain tomorrow. Past modals or modals of lost opportunity are used to imagine that the past was different. Im worried that we wont have enough room for everyone.
In this past modals activity, students play a pelmanism game where they speculate on situations using past modals of deduction and try to match cards together. Advanced english grammar modal verbs for speculation. Give each group of three or four a set of sentence cards and a set of speculation cards. It might have been very dangerous to work in the shipyard. A criticism a fill the gaps with must have, might have or cant have. Past modals lesson plan might also be used for conversation or 11 classes as it offers a lot of speaking practice and works well with both smaller and bigger groups. Sts look at 5 boarded sentences, analyse structures and complete substitution table on handout. Present modal verbs of deduction and probability exercise. Could can cant may might must should shouldnt have 3. Modal verbs of deduction and speculation in the past. Past modals of deduction, speculation and regret 1. B grades as percentages 18 18 100% 17 18 94 16 18 89 15 18 83 14 18 78 18 72 12 18 67 11 18 61 10 18 56.
Must have might have could have may have should have cant have. To be honest i do not exactly remember but i think they might have been basedtaken and. Maybe they left early they might have taken the train. Modals of probability also called modals of speculation for talking about the past level intermediate answer key 1. Past modals of deduction, speculation and regret intermediate 2 2. There is a grammar explanation at the bottom of the page. Regrets about past actions should have ought to have. Modals verbs deduction speculation esl activities games. Which of the sentences contain errors in the use of past modals of deduction. Some men were killed during the building of the ship. Modals of probability also called modals of speculation level intermediate answer key my notes 1. Do you remember how to form the past with modal verbs. We can use modals of probability to speculate on what is happening in the present, or on what has happened in the past.
You should have apologised a criticism you shouldnt have said that. English esl deduction worksheets most downloaded 17. This page focuses on making deductions about the past. The task use the presentation to introduce the topic, show examples and. Present modal verbs of deduction and probability exercise check through the different uses. Students result english result upperintermediate grammar unit 6 modals of deduction in the past. In this post, i am describing activities where students practice using past modal verbs for speculation and deduction. Speculation and deduction modal verbs and expressions. Today we are going to look at modal verbs of deduction and speculation in the past. Advanced level grammar worksheets practice of past modal verbs used to make deductions such as must have, cant have and might have. We can use modal verbs for deduction guessing if something is true using the available information. Advanced grammar past modals of deduction the titanic. The modal verb we choose shows how certain we are about the possibility.
To develop understanding of meaning of target sentences. May have might have something possibly happened but we arent sure if it did they may have left early because of the holiday traffic. The students shuffle each set of cards and spread them out face down on the table in two sets. Modal verbs for deduction exercise 1 complete the blanks with must, cant, or might. I have been using them with upperintermediate, advanced, fce, and cae students who often struggle with the concept of using modal verbs for something other than expressing ability or obligation deduction. This is a lesson plan based around the theme of hangovers in which students get to grips with past modals of deduction, and question formation. The plan below includes detailed instructions and the game cards.
To make guesses or deductions about past actions or states use a past modal of deduction. They must be sisters but i answered all the questions correctly. Firstly, its important to remember what modal verbs are and why they are used. Speculation based on negative certainty it cant have been couldnt have been. Cambridge university press herbert puchta, jeff stranks. Read these sentences about the construction and only voyage of the titanic ship. Fill in all the gaps, then press check to check your answers. English grammar practice exercise, intermediate level. Speculating about the past modals and perfect infinitive. Modal verbs of deduction and speculation in the past aba.
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